How Much Knowledge Can You Pack Into the Parameters of a Language Model?

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2002.08910v4
• Date: Mon, 5 Oct 2020 21:26:45 GMT
• Title: How Much Knowledge Can You Pack Into the Parameters of a Language Model?
• Authors: Adam Roberts, Colin Raffel, and Noam Shazeer
• Abstract summary: It has been observed that neural language models trained on unstructured text can implicitly store and retrieve knowledge using natural language queries. We measure the practical utility of this approach by fine-tuning pre-trained models to answer questions without access to any external context or knowledge.
• Score: 44.81324633069311
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: It has recently been observed that neural language models trained on unstructured text can implicitly store and retrieve knowledge using natural language queries. In this short paper, we measure the practical utility of this approach by fine-tuning pre-trained models to answer questions without access to any external context or knowledge. We show that this approach scales with model size and performs competitively with open-domain systems that explicitly retrieve answers from an external knowledge source when answering questions. To facilitate reproducibility and future work, we release our code and trained models at https://goo.gle/t5-cbqa.

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