Sauter-Schwinger effect in a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer superconductor

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2007.08323v3
• Date: Sun, 21 Mar 2021 09:29:34 GMT
• Title: Sauter-Schwinger effect in a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer superconductor
• Authors: Paolo Solinas, Andrea Amoretti and Francesco Giazotto
• Abstract summary: We show that an electrostatic field can generate two coherent excitations from the superconducting ground-state condensate. Differently from the dissipative thermal excitation, these form a new macroscopically coherent and dissipationless state. Our results pave the way to the understanding and exploitation of the interaction between superconductors and electric fields.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: From the sixties a deep and surprising connection has followed the development of superconductivity and quantum field theory. The Anderson-Higgs mechanism and the similarities between the Dirac and Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations are the most intriguing examples. In this last analogy, the massive Dirac particle is identified with a quasiparticle excitation and the fermion mass energy with the superconducting gap energy. Here we follow further this parallelism and show that it predicts an outstanding phenomenon: the superconducting Schwinger effect (SSE). As in the quantum electrodynamics Schwinger effect, where an electron-positron couple is created from the vacuum by an intense electric field, we show that an electrostatic field can generate two coherent excitations from the superconducting ground-state condensate. Differently from the dissipative thermal excitation, these form a new macroscopically coherent and dissipationless state. We discuss how the superconducting state is weakened by the creation of this kind of excitations. In addition to shed a different light and suggest a method for the experimental verification of the Schwinger effect, our results pave the way to the understanding and exploitation of the interaction between superconductors and electric fields.

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