Field-theory spin and momentum in water waves

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2009.03245v4
• Date: Mon, 24 Jan 2022 02:13:23 GMT
• Title: Field-theory spin and momentum in water waves
• Authors: K. Y. Bliokh, H. Punzmann, H. Xia, F. Nori, and M. Shats
• Abstract summary: Spin is a fundamental yet nontrivial intrinsic angular-momentum property of quantum particles or fields. Here, we demonstrate, both theoretically and experimentally, that the Belinfante-Rosenfeld construction naturally arises in gravity waves. Our findings shed light onto the nature of spin and momentum in wave fields, demonstrate the universality of relativistic field-theory concepts, and offer a new platform for their studies.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Spin is a fundamental yet nontrivial intrinsic angular-momentum property of quantum particles or fields, which appears within relativistic field theory. The spin density in wave fields is described by the theoretical Belinfante-Rosenfeld construction based on the difference between the canonical and kinetic momentum densities. These quantities are usually considered as abstract and non-observable per se. Here, we demonstrate, both theoretically and experimentally, that the Belinfante-Rosenfeld construction naturally arises in gravity (water surface) waves. There, the canonical momentum is associated with the generalized Stokes-drift phenomenon, while the spin is generated by subwavelength circular motion of water particles. Thus, we directly observe these fundamental field-theory properties as microscopic mechanical properties of a classical wave system. Our findings shed light onto the nature of spin and momentum in wave fields, demonstrate the universality of relativistic field-theory concepts, and offer a new platform for their studies.

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