Improved absolute clock stability by the joint interrogation of two atomic states

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2104.14309v1
• Date: Thu, 29 Apr 2021 12:50:28 GMT
• Title: Improved absolute clock stability by the joint interrogation of two atomic states
• Authors: Weidong Li, Shuyuan Wu, Augusto Smerzi and Luca Pezz\`e
• Abstract summary: We propose a strategy to improve the stability of atomic clocks by interrogating two out-of-phase state sharing the same LO. Our protocol can be readily tested in current state-of-the-art experiments.
• Score: 0.7582991335459645
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Improving the clock stability is of fundamental importance for the development of quantum-enhanced metrology. One of the main limitations arises from the randomly-fluctuating local oscillator (LO) frequency, which introduces "phase slips" for long interrogation times and hence failure of the frequency-feedback loop. Here we propose a strategy to improve the stability of atomic clocks by interrogating two out-of-phase state sharing the same LO. While standard Ramsey interrogation can only determine phases unambiguously in the interval $[-\pi/2,\pi/2]$, the joint interrogation allows for an extension to $[-\pi,\pi]$, resulting in a relaxed restriction of the Ramsey time and improvement of absolute clock stability. Theoretical predictions are supported by ab-initio numerical simulation for white and correlated LO noise. While our basic protocol uses uncorrelated atoms, we have further extended it to include spin-squeezing and further improving the scaling of clock stability with the number of atoms. Our protocol can be readily tested in current state-of-the-art experiments.

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