Van der Waals Anomaly
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2109.08092v1
- Date: Thu, 16 Sep 2021 16:29:56 GMT
- Title: Van der Waals Anomaly
- Authors: Itai Y. Efrat and Ulf Leonhardt
- Abstract summary: We show that the seemingly universal relationship is violated for electromagnetic vacuum forces such as the generalized van der Waals and Casimir forces.
The anomaly is a result of renormalization, the need to subtract infinities in the stress for getting a finite, physical force.
We propose and analyse an experiment to probe the van der Waals anomaly with ultracold atoms.
- Score: 0.0
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Abstract: In inhomogeneous dielectric media the divergence of the electromagnetic
stress is related to the gradients of \varepsilon and \mu, which is a
consequence of Maxwell's equations. Investigating spherically symmetric media
we show that this seemingly universal relationship is violated for
electromagnetic vacuum forces such as the generalized van der Waals and Casimir
forces. The stress needs to acquire an additional anomalous pressure. The
anomaly is a result of renormalization, the need to subtract infinities in the
stress for getting a finite, physical force. The anomalous pressure appears in
the stress in media like dark energy appears in the energy-momentum tensor in
general relativity. We propose and analyse an experiment to probe the van der
Waals anomaly with ultracold atoms. The experiment may not only test an unusual
phenomenon of quantum forces, but also an analogue of dark energy, shedding
light where nothing is known empirically.
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