Quantum-limited determination of refractive index difference by means of entanglement

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2110.11118v1
• Date: Thu, 21 Oct 2021 13:07:27 GMT
• Title: Quantum-limited determination of refractive index difference by means of entanglement
• Authors: Mattis Reisner, Florent Mazeas, Romain Dauliat, Baptiste Leconte, Djeylan Aktas, Rachel Cannon, Philippe Roy, Raphael Jamier, Gregory Sauder, Florian Kaiser, S\'ebastien Tanzilli, Laurent Labont\'e
• Abstract summary: We exploit a quantum optical method based on low-coherence Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometry to perform measurements of the refractive index difference. The precision enhancement reached with this method is benchmarked with a classical method based on single photon interferometry.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Shaping single-mode operation in high-power fibres requires a precise knowledge of the gain-medium optical properties. This requires accurate measurements of the refractive index differences ($\Delta$n) between the core and the cladding of the fiber. We exploit a quantum optical method based on low-coherence Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometry to perform practical measurements of the refractive index difference using broadband energy-time entangled photons. The precision enhancement reached with this method is benchmarked with a classical method based on single photon interferometry. We show in classical regime an improvement by an order of magnitude of the precision compared to already reported classical methods. Strikingly, in the quantum regime, we demonstrate an extra factor of 4 on the accuracy enhancement, exhibiting a state-of-the-art $\Delta$n precision of $6.10^{-7}$. This work sets the quantum photonics metrology as a powerful characterization tool that should enable a faster and reliable design of materials dedicated to light amplification.

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