Robust Magnetometry with Single NV Centers via Two-step Optimization
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2111.12684v3
- Date: Tue, 19 Jul 2022 11:10:14 GMT
- Title: Robust Magnetometry with Single NV Centers via Two-step Optimization
- Authors: Nimba Oshnik, Phila Rembold, Tommaso Calarco, Simone Montangero, Elke
Neu, and Matthias M. M\"uller
- Abstract summary: Shallow Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers are promising candidates for high-precision sensing applications.
The dangling bonds and impurities on the diamond surface result in a complex environment which reduces the sensitivity.
We apply feedback-based quantum optimal control to avoid the environment's detrimental effect.
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- License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
- Abstract: Shallow Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers are promising candidates for
high-precision sensing applications; these defects, when positioned a few
nanometers below the surface, provide an atomic-scale resolution along with
substantial sensitivity. However, the dangling bonds and impurities on the
diamond surface result in a complex environment which reduces the sensitivity
and is unique to each shallow NV center. To avoid the environment's detrimental
effect, we apply feedback-based quantum optimal control. We first show how a
direct search can improve the initialization/readout process. In a second step,
we optimize microwave pulses for pulsed Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance
(ODMR) and Ramsey measurements. Throughout the sensitivity optimizations, we
focus on robustness against errors in the control field amplitude. This feature
not only protects the protocols' sensitivity from drifts but also enlarges the
sensing volume. The resulting ODMR measurements produce sensitivities below
1$\mu$T\,Hz$^{-\frac{1}{2}}$ for an 83\% decrease in control power, increasing
the robustness by approximately one third. The optimized Ramsey measurements
produce sensitivities below 100\,nT\,Hz$^{-\frac{1}{2}}$ giving a two-fold
sensitivity improvement. Being on par with typical sensitivities obtained via
single NV magnetometry, the complementing robustness of the presented
optimization strategy may provide an advantage for other NV-based applications.
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