Unveiling topological order through multipartite entanglement

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2112.02253v1
• Date: Sat, 4 Dec 2021 05:48:48 GMT
• Title: Unveiling topological order through multipartite entanglement
• Authors: Siddhartha Patra, Somnath Basu and Siddhartha Lal
• Abstract summary: We study the nature of the general N-partite information ($IN$) and quantum correlation of a topologically ordered ground state. For the collection of subsystems forming a closed annular structure, the $IN$ measure ($Ngeq 3$) is a topological invariant equal to the product of $S_topo$. Our results offer important insight into the nature of the many-particle entanglement and correlations within a topologically ordered state of matter.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: It is well known that the topological entanglement entropy ($S_{topo}$) of a topologically ordered ground state in 2 spatial dimensions can be captured efficiently by measuring the tripartite quantum information ($I^{3}$) of a specific annular arrangement of three subsystems. However, the nature of the general N-partite information ($I^{N}$) and quantum correlation of a topologically ordered ground state remains unknown. In this work, we study such $I^N$ measure and its nontrivial dependence on the arrangement of $N$ subsystems. For the collection of subsystems (CSS) forming a closed annular structure, the $I^{N}$ measure ($N\geq 3$) is a topological invariant equal to the product of $S_{topo}$ and the Euler characteristic of the CSS embedded on a planar manifold, $|I^{N}|=\chi S_{topo}$. Importantly, we establish that $I^{N}$ is robust against several deformations of the annular CSS, such as the addition of holes within individual subsystems and handles between nearest-neighbour subsystems. For a general CSS with multiple holes ($n_{h}>1$), we find that the sum of the distinct, multipartite informations measured on the annular CSS around those holes is given by the product of $S_{topo}$, $\chi$ and $n_{h}$, $\sum^{n_{h}}_{\mu_{i}=1}|I^{N_{\mu_{i}}}_{\mu_{i}}| = n_{h}\chi S_{topo}$. The $N^{th}$ order irreducible quantum correlations for an annular CSS of $N$ subsystems is also found to be bounded from above by $|I^{N}|$, which shows the presence of correlations among subsystems arranged in the form of closed loops of all sizes. Our results offer important insight into the nature of the many-particle entanglement and correlations within a topologically ordered state of matter.

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