Demonstration of Superconducting Optoelectronic Single-Photon Synapses
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2204.09665v1
- Date: Wed, 20 Apr 2022 17:55:16 GMT
- Title: Demonstration of Superconducting Optoelectronic Single-Photon Synapses
- Authors: Saeed Khan, Bryce A. Primavera, Jeff Chiles, Adam N. McCaughan, Sonia
M. Buckley, Alexander N. Tait, Adriana Lita, John Biesecker, Anna Fox, David
Olaya, Richard P. Mirin, Sae Woo Nam, and Jeffrey M. Shainline
- Abstract summary: Superconducting optoelectronic hardware is being explored as a path towards artificial spiking neural networks.
Monolithic integration of superconducting and photonic devices is necessary for the scaling of this technology.
We present circuits that perform analog weighting and temporal leaky integration of single-photon presynaptic signals.
- Score: 42.60602838972598
- License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
- Abstract: Superconducting optoelectronic hardware is being explored as a path towards
artificial spiking neural networks with unprecedented scales of complexity and
computational ability. Such hardware combines integrated-photonic components
for few-photon, light-speed communication with superconducting circuits for
fast, energy-efficient computation. Monolithic integration of superconducting
and photonic devices is necessary for the scaling of this technology. In the
present work, superconducting-nanowire single-photon detectors are
monolithically integrated with Josephson junctions for the first time, enabling
the realization of superconducting optoelectronic synapses. We present circuits
that perform analog weighting and temporal leaky integration of single-photon
presynaptic signals. Synaptic weighting is implemented in the electronic domain
so that binary, single-photon communication can be maintained. Records of
recent synaptic activity are locally stored as current in superconducting
loops. Dendritic and neuronal nonlinearities are implemented with a second
stage of Josephson circuitry. The hardware presents great design flexibility,
with demonstrated synaptic time constants spanning four orders of magnitude
(hundreds of nanoseconds to milliseconds). The synapses are responsive to
presynaptic spike rates exceeding 10 MHz and consume approximately 33 aJ of
dynamic power per synapse event before accounting for cooling. In addition to
neuromorphic hardware, these circuits introduce new avenues towards realizing
large-scale single-photon-detector arrays for diverse imaging, sensing, and
quantum communication applications.
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