Embedding-Assisted Attentional Deep Learning for Real-World RF
Fingerprinting of Bluetooth
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2210.02897v2
- Date: Wed, 19 Apr 2023 12:57:50 GMT
- Title: Embedding-Assisted Attentional Deep Learning for Real-World RF
Fingerprinting of Bluetooth
- Authors: Anu Jagannath and Jithin Jagannath
- Abstract summary: We propose an embedding-assisted attentional framework (Mbed-ATN) suitable for fingerprinting actual Bluetooth devices.
The proposed Mbed-ATN framework results in a 5.32x higher TPR, 37.9% fewer false alarms, and 6.74x higher accuracy under the challenging real-world setting.
- Score: 1.218340575383456
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
- Abstract: A scalable and computationally efficient framework is designed to fingerprint
real-world Bluetooth devices. We propose an embedding-assisted attentional
framework (Mbed-ATN) suitable for fingerprinting actual Bluetooth devices. Its
generalization capability is analyzed in different settings and the effect of
sample length and anti-aliasing decimation is demonstrated. The embedding
module serves as a dimensionality reduction unit that maps the high dimensional
3D input tensor to a 1D feature vector for further processing by the ATN
module. Furthermore, unlike the prior research in this field, we closely
evaluate the complexity of the model and test its fingerprinting capability
with real-world Bluetooth dataset collected under a different time frame and
experimental setting while being trained on another. Our study reveals a 9.17x
and 65.2x lesser memory usage at a sample length of 100 kS when compared to the
benchmark - GRU and Oracle models respectively. Further, the proposed Mbed-ATN
showcases 16.9x fewer FLOPs and 7.5x lesser trainable parameters when compared
to Oracle. Finally, we show that when subject to anti-aliasing decimation and
at greater input sample lengths of 1 MS, the proposed Mbed-ATN framework
results in a 5.32x higher TPR, 37.9% fewer false alarms, and 6.74x higher
accuracy under the challenging real-world setting.
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