Syntactic Substitutability as Unsupervised Dependency Syntax

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.16031v3
• Date: Fri, 20 Oct 2023 18:10:57 GMT
• Title: Syntactic Substitutability as Unsupervised Dependency Syntax
• Authors: Jasper Jian and Siva Reddy
• Abstract summary: We model a more general property implicit in the definition of dependency relations, syntactic substitutability. This property captures the fact that words at either end of a dependency can be substituted with words from the same category. We show that increasing the number of substitutions used improves parsing accuracy on natural data.
• Score: 31.488677474152794
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Syntax is a latent hierarchical structure which underpins the robust and compositional nature of human language. In this work, we explore the hypothesis that syntactic dependencies can be represented in language model attention distributions and propose a new method to induce these structures theory-agnostically. Instead of modeling syntactic relations as defined by annotation schemata, we model a more general property implicit in the definition of dependency relations, syntactic substitutability. This property captures the fact that words at either end of a dependency can be substituted with words from the same category. Substitutions can be used to generate a set of syntactically invariant sentences whose representations are then used for parsing. We show that increasing the number of substitutions used improves parsing accuracy on natural data. On long-distance subject-verb agreement constructions, our method achieves 79.5% recall compared to 8.9% using a previous method. Our method also provides improvements when transferred to a different parsing setup, demonstrating that it generalizes.

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