Continuous wideband microwave-to-optical converter based on
room-temperature Rydberg atoms
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.08380v2
- Date: Wed, 11 Oct 2023 16:07:15 GMT
- Title: Continuous wideband microwave-to-optical converter based on
room-temperature Rydberg atoms
- Authors: Sebastian Bor\'owka, Uliana Pylypenko, Mateusz Mazelanik, Micha{\l}
Parniak
- Abstract summary: We employ Rydberg atoms that allow for the natural wideband coupling of optical and microwave photons even at room temperature and with the use of a modest setup.
We present continuous-wave conversion of a $13.9 mathrmGHz$ field to a near-infrared optical signal using an ensemble of Rydberg atoms via a free-space six-wave mixing process.
The Rydberg photonic converter exhibits an unprecedented conversion dynamic range of $57 mathrmdB$ and a wide conversion bandwidth of $16 mathrmMHz$.
- Score: 0.0
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Abstract: The coupling of microwave and optical systems presents an immense challenge
due to the natural incompatibility of energies, but potential applications
range from optical interconnects for quantum computers to next-generation
quantum microwave sensors, detectors or coherent imagers. Several engineered
platforms have emerged that are constrained by specific conditions, such as
cryogenic environments, impulse protocols, or narrowband fields. Here we employ
Rydberg atoms that allow for the natural wideband coupling of optical and
microwave photons even at room temperature and with the use of a modest setup.
We present continuous-wave conversion of a $13.9\ \mathrm{GHz}$ field to a
near-infrared optical signal using an ensemble of Rydberg atoms via a
free-space six-wave mixing process, designed to minimize noise interference
from any nearby frequencies. The Rydberg photonic converter exhibits an
unprecedented conversion dynamic range of $57\ \mathrm{dB}$ and a wide
conversion bandwidth of $16\ \mathrm{MHz}$. Using photon counting, we
demonstrate the readout of photons of free-space $300\ \mathrm{K}$ thermal
background radiation at $1.59\
\mathrm{nV}\mathrm{cm}^{-1}(\mathrm{rad}/\mathrm{s})^{-1/2}$ ($3.98 \
\mathrm{nV}\mathrm{cm}^{-1}\mathrm{Hz}^{-1/2}$) with the sensitivity down to
$3.8\ \mathrm{K}$ of noise-equivalent temperature, allowing us to observe
Hanbury Brown and Twiss interference of microwave photons.
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