TensorGPT: Efficient Compression of Large Language Models based on Tensor-Train Decomposition

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2307.00526v2
• Date: Thu, 03 Oct 2024 23:28:27 GMT
• Title: TensorGPT: Efficient Compression of Large Language Models based on Tensor-Train Decomposition
• Authors: Mingxue Xu, Yao Lei Xu, Danilo P. Mandic,
• Abstract summary: We propose a training-free model compression approach based on the Matrix-Train Decomposition (TTD) We then investigate the low-rank structures extracted by this approach, in terms of the compression ratio, the language task performance, and latency on a typical low-end device (i.e. Raspberry Pi)
• Score: 19.897367559948336
• License:
• Abstract: High-dimensional token embeddings underpin Large Language Models (LLMs), as they can capture subtle semantic information and significantly enhance the modelling of complex language patterns. However, this high dimensionality also introduces considerable model parameters and prohibitively high model storage and memory requirements, which is particularly unaffordable for low-end devices. Targeting no extra training data and insufficient computation cases, we propose a training-free model compression approach based on the Tensor-Train Decomposition (TTD), whereby each pre-trained token embedding is converted into a lower-dimensional Matrix Product State (MPS). We then comprehensively investigate the low-rank structures extracted by this approach, in terms of the compression ratio, the language task performance, and latency on a typical low-end device (i.e. Raspberry Pi). Taking GPT family models (i.e. GPT-2 and CerebrasGPT) as case studies, our approach theoretically results in $46.89\%$ fewer parameters of the entire model, with a compression ratio $39.38\times$ - $65.64\times$ for the embedding layers. With different hyperparameter choices, the model compressed with our approach can achieve a comparable language task performance to the original model with around $2.0\times$ embedding layer compression. This empirically proves the existence of low-rank structure in GPT family models, and demonstrates that about half of the parameters in the embedding layers are redundant.

Related papers

• Language Models as Zero-shot Lossless Gradient Compressors: Towards General Neural Parameter Prior Models [66.1595537904019]
  Large language models (LLMs) can act as gradient priors in a zero-shot setting. We introduce LM-GC, a novel method that integrates LLMs with arithmetic coding.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-09-26T13:38:33Z)
• MoDeGPT: Modular Decomposition for Large Language Model Compression [59.361006801465344]
  This paper introduces textbfModular bfDecomposition (MoDeGPT), a novel structured compression framework. MoDeGPT partitions the Transformer block into modules comprised of matrix pairs and reduces the hidden dimensions. Our experiments show MoDeGPT, without backward propagation, matches or surpasses previous structured compression methods.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-08-19T01:30:14Z)
• Pruning Large Language Models with Semi-Structural Adaptive Sparse Training [17.381160429641316]
  We propose a pruning pipeline for semi-structured sparse models via retraining, termed Adaptive Sparse Trainer (AST) AST transforms dense models into sparse ones by applying decay to masked weights while allowing the model to adaptively select masks throughout the training process. Our work demonstrates the feasibility of deploying semi-structured sparse large language models and introduces a novel method for achieving highly compressed models.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-07-30T06:33:44Z)
• Knowledge Translation: A New Pathway for Model Compression [22.106103818486144]
  TextbfKnowledge textbfTranslation (KT) A translation'' model is trained to receive the parameters of a larger model and generate compressed parameters. We propose a comprehensive framework for KT, introduce data augmentation strategies to enhance model performance despite restricted training data, and successfully demonstrate the feasibility of KT on the MNIST dataset.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-01-11T09:25:42Z)
• Efficient GPT Model Pre-training using Tensor Train Matrix Representation [65.96485282393361]
  Large-scale transformer models feature billions of parameters, leading to difficulties in their deployment and prohibitive training costs from scratch. To reduce the number of parameters in the GPT-2 architecture, we replace the matrices of fully-connected layers with the corresponding Train Matrix(TTM) structure. The resulting GPT-based model stores up to 40% fewer parameters, showing the perplexity comparable to the original model.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-06-05T08:38:25Z)
• Scaling Pre-trained Language Models to Deeper via Parameter-efficient Architecture [68.13678918660872]
  We design a more capable parameter-sharing architecture based on matrix product operator (MPO) MPO decomposition can reorganize and factorize the information of a parameter matrix into two parts. Our architecture shares the central tensor across all layers for reducing the model size.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-03-27T02:34:09Z)
• What do Compressed Large Language Models Forget? Robustness Challenges in Model Compression [68.82486784654817]
  We study two popular model compression techniques including knowledge distillation and pruning. We show that compressed models are significantly less robust than their PLM counterparts on adversarial test sets. We develop a regularization strategy for model compression based on sample uncertainty.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-10-16T00:20:04Z)
• Intrinsic Dimensionality Explains the Effectiveness of Language Model Fine-Tuning [52.624194343095304]
  We argue that analyzing fine-tuning through the lens of intrinsic dimension provides us with empirical and theoretical intuitions. We empirically show that common pre-trained models have a very low intrinsic dimension.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-12-22T07:42:30Z)
• Self-Supervised GAN Compression [32.21713098893454]
  We show that a standard model compression technique, weight pruning, cannot be applied to GANs using existing methods. We then develop a self-supervised compression technique which uses the trained discriminator to supervise the training of a compressed generator. We show that this framework has a compelling performance to high degrees of sparsity, can be easily applied to new tasks and models, and enables meaningful comparisons between different pruning granularities.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-07-03T04:18:54Z)

This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.

This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.