Integrated frequency-modulated optical parametric oscillator

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2307.04200v1
• Date: Sun, 9 Jul 2023 15:08:48 GMT
• Title: Integrated frequency-modulated optical parametric oscillator
• Authors: Hubert S. Stokowski, Devin J. Dean, Alexander Y. Hwang, Taewon Park, Oguz Tolga Celik, Marc Jankowski, Carsten Langrock, Vahid Ansari, Martin M. Fejer, and Amir H. Safavi-Naeini
• Abstract summary: We introduce an integrated optical frequency comb generator that combines electro-optics and parametric amplification. The FM-OPO microcomb does not form pulses but maintains operational simplicity and highly efficient pump power utilization. The FM-OPO microcomb contributes a new approach to the field of microcombs and promises to herald an era of miniaturized precision measurement.
• Score: 45.82374977939355
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Optical frequency combs have revolutionized precision measurement, time-keeping, and molecular spectroscopy. A substantial effort has developed around "microcombs": integrating comb-generating technologies into compact, reliable photonic platforms. Current approaches for generating these microcombs involve either the electro-optic (EO) or Kerr mechanisms. Despite rapid progress, maintaining high efficiency and wide bandwidth remains challenging. Here, we introduce a new class of microcomb -- an integrated optical frequency comb generator that combines electro-optics and parametric amplification to yield a frequency-modulated optical parametric oscillator (FM-OPO). In stark contrast to EO and Kerr combs, the FM-OPO microcomb does not form pulses but maintains operational simplicity and highly efficient pump power utilization with an output resembling a frequency-modulated laser. We outline the working principles of FM-OPO and demonstrate them by fabricating the complete optical system in thin-film lithium niobate (LNOI). We measure pump to comb internal conversion efficiency exceeding 93% (34% out-coupled) over a nearly flat-top spectral distribution spanning approximately 1,000 modes (approximately 6 THz). Compared to an EO comb, the cavity dispersion rather than loss determines the FM-OPO bandwidth, enabling broadband combs with a smaller RF modulation power. The FM-OPO microcomb, with its robust operational dynamics, high efficiency, and large bandwidth, contributes a new approach to the field of microcombs and promises to herald an era of miniaturized precision measurement, and spectroscopy tools to accelerate advancements in metrology, spectroscopy, telecommunications, sensing, and computing.

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