Detecting changes to sub-diffraction objects with quantum-optimal speed and accuracy

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.07262v2
• Date: Wed, 16 Aug 2023 14:24:33 GMT
• Title: Detecting changes to sub-diffraction objects with quantum-optimal speed and accuracy
• Authors: Michael R Grace, Saikat Guha, Zachary Dutton
• Abstract summary: We evaluate the best possible average latency, for a fixed false alarm rate, for sub-diffraction incoherent imaging. We find that direct focal-plane detection of the incident optical intensity achieves sub-optimal detection latencies. We verify these results via Monte Carlo simulation of the change detection procedure and quantify a growing gap between the conventional and quantum-optimal receivers.
• Score: 0.8409980020848168
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Detecting if and when objects change is difficult in passive sub-diffraction imaging of dynamic scenes. We consider the best possible tradeoff between responsivity and accuracy for detecting a change from one arbitrary object model to another in the context of sub-diffraction incoherent imaging. We analytically evaluate the best possible average latency, for a fixed false alarm rate, optimizing over all physically allowed measurements of the optical field collected by a finite 2D aperture. We find that direct focal-plane detection of the incident optical intensity achieves sub-optimal detection latencies compared to the best possible average latency, but that a three-mode spatial-mode demultiplexing measurement in concert with on-line statistical processing using the well-known CUSUM algorithm achieves this quantum limit for sub-diffraction objects. We verify these results via Monte Carlo simulation of the change detection procedure and quantify a growing gap between the conventional and quantum-optimal receivers as the objects are more and more diffraction-limited.

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