TransPrompt v2: A Transferable Prompting Framework for Cross-task Text Classification

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.15010v1
• Date: Tue, 29 Aug 2023 04:16:57 GMT
• Title: TransPrompt v2: A Transferable Prompting Framework for Cross-task Text Classification
• Authors: Jianing Wang, Chengyu Wang, Cen Chen, Ming Gao, Jun Huang, Aoying Zhou
• Abstract summary: We propose TransPrompt v2, a novel transferable prompting framework for few-shot learning across similar or distant text classification tasks. For learning across similar tasks, we employ a multi-task meta-knowledge acquisition (MMA) procedure to train a meta-learner. For learning across distant tasks, we inject the task type descriptions into the prompt, and capture the intra-type and inter-type prompt embeddings.
• Score: 37.824031151922604
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Text classification is one of the most imperative tasks in natural language processing (NLP). Recent advances with pre-trained language models (PLMs) have shown remarkable success on this task. However, the satisfying results obtained by PLMs heavily depend on the large amounts of task-specific labeled data, which may not be feasible in many application scenarios due to data access and privacy constraints. The recently-proposed prompt-based fine-tuning paradigm improves the performance of PLMs for few-shot text classification with task-specific templates. Yet, it is unclear how the prompting knowledge can be transferred across tasks, for the purpose of mutual reinforcement. We propose TransPrompt v2, a novel transferable prompting framework for few-shot learning across similar or distant text classification tasks. For learning across similar tasks, we employ a multi-task meta-knowledge acquisition (MMA) procedure to train a meta-learner that captures the cross-task transferable knowledge. For learning across distant tasks, we further inject the task type descriptions into the prompt, and capture the intra-type and inter-type prompt embeddings among multiple distant tasks. Additionally, two de-biasing techniques are further designed to make the trained meta-learner more task-agnostic and unbiased towards any tasks. After that, the meta-learner can be adapted to each specific task with better parameters initialization. Extensive experiments show that TransPrompt v2 outperforms single-task and cross-task strong baselines over multiple NLP tasks and datasets. We further show that the meta-learner can effectively improve the performance of PLMs on previously unseen tasks. In addition, TransPrompt v2 also outperforms strong fine-tuning baselines when learning with full training sets.

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