A Practical Method for Generating String Counterfactuals

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2402.11355v5
• Date: Tue, 11 Feb 2025 16:03:35 GMT
• Title: A Practical Method for Generating String Counterfactuals
• Authors: Matan Avitan, Ryan Cotterell, Yoav Goldberg, Shauli Ravfogel,
• Abstract summary: Interventions targeting the representation space of language models (LMs) have emerged as an effective means to influence model behavior. We give a method to convert representation counterfactuals into string counterfactuals. The resulting counterfactuals can be used to mitigate bias in classification through data augmentation.
• Score: 106.98481791980367
• License:
• Abstract: Interventions targeting the representation space of language models (LMs) have emerged as an effective means to influence model behavior. Such methods are employed, for example, to eliminate or alter the encoding of demographic information such as gender within the model's representations and, in so doing, create a counterfactual representation. However, because the intervention operates within the representation space, understanding precisely what aspects of the text it modifies poses a challenge. In this paper, we give a method to convert representation counterfactuals into string counterfactuals. We demonstrate that this approach enables us to analyze the linguistic alterations corresponding to a given representation space intervention and to interpret the features utilized to encode a specific concept. Moreover, the resulting counterfactuals can be used to mitigate bias in classification through data augmentation.

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