Experimental investigation of a multi-photon Heisenberg-limited interferometric scheme: the effect of imperfections

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2402.19079v2
• Date: Fri, 5 Apr 2024 04:55:15 GMT
• Title: Experimental investigation of a multi-photon Heisenberg-limited interferometric scheme: the effect of imperfections
• Authors: Shakib Daryanoosh, Geoff J. Pryde, Howard M. Wiseman, Sergei Slussarenko,
• Abstract summary: We show how to achieve the exact Heisenberg limit (HL) in ab-initio phase estimation with $N=3$ photon-passes. The advantage of the HL over the SNL increases with the number of resources used. We show that the expected usefulness of the prepared triphoton state for HL phase estimation is significantly degraded by even quite small experimental imperfections.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Interferometric phase estimation is an essential tool for precise measurements of quantities such as displacement, velocity and material properties. The lower bound on measurement uncertainty achievable with classical resources is set by the shot-noise limit (SNL) that scales asymptotically as $1/\sqrt{N}$, where $N$ is the number of resources used. The experiment of [S. Daryanoosh et al., Nat. Commun. ${\bf 9}$, 4606 (2018)] showed how to achieve the ultimate precision limit, the exact Heisenberg limit (HL), in ab-initio phase estimation with $N=3$ photon-passes, using an entangled biphoton state in combination with particular measurement techniques. The advantage of the HL over the SNL increases with the number of resources used. Here we present, and implement experimentally, a scheme for generation of the optimal $N=7$ triphoton state. We study experimentally and theoretically the generated state quality and its potential for phase estimation. We show that the expected usefulness of the prepared triphoton state for HL phase estimation is significantly degraded by even quite small experimental imperfections, such as optical mode mismatch and unwanted higher-order multi-photon terms in the states produced in parametric down-conversion.

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