Related papers: On the Benefits of Fine-Grained Loss Truncation: A Case Study on Factuality in Summarization

On the Benefits of Fine-Grained Loss Truncation: A Case Study on Factuality in Summarization

URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2403.05788v1
Date: Sat, 9 Mar 2024 04:20:26 GMT
Title: On the Benefits of Fine-Grained Loss Truncation: A Case Study on Factuality in Summarization
Authors: Lorenzo Jaime Yu Flores, Arman Cohan
Abstract summary: Loss Truncation (LT) is an approach to modify the standard log loss to adaptively remove noisy examples during training. We show that LT alone yields a considerable number of hallucinated entities on various datasets. We propose a fine-grained NLL loss and fine-grained data cleaning strategies, and observe improvements in hallucination reduction across some datasets.
Score: 25.282499952331094
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Abstract: Text summarization and simplification are among the most widely used applications of AI. However, models developed for such tasks are often prone to hallucination, which can result from training on unaligned data. One efficient approach to address this issue is Loss Truncation (LT) (Kang and Hashimoto, 2020), an approach to modify the standard log loss to adaptively remove noisy examples during training. However, we find that LT alone yields a considerable number of hallucinated entities on various datasets. We study the behavior of the underlying losses between factual and non-factual examples, to understand and refine the performance of LT. We demonstrate that LT's performance is limited when the underlying assumption that noisy targets have higher NLL loss is not satisfied, and find that word-level NLL among entities provides better signal for distinguishing factuality. We then leverage this to propose a fine-grained NLL loss and fine-grained data cleaning strategies, and observe improvements in hallucination reduction across some datasets. Our work is available at https://https://github.com/yale-nlp/fine-grained-lt.