Existential Unforgeability in Quantum Authentication From Quantum Physical Unclonable Functions Based on Random von Neumann Measurement
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2404.11306v1
- Date: Wed, 17 Apr 2024 12:16:41 GMT
- Title: Existential Unforgeability in Quantum Authentication From Quantum Physical Unclonable Functions Based on Random von Neumann Measurement
- Authors: Soham Ghosh, Vladlen Galetsky, Pol Julià Farré, Christian Deppe, Roberto Ferrara, Holger Boche,
- Abstract summary: In quantum PUFs (QPUFs), the input-output pairs consist of quantum states instead of classical bitstrings.
We prove that such a QPUF is existentially unforgeable.
We introduce the first model in existing literature that depicts such a high level of provable security.
- Score: 45.386403865847235
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Abstract: Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are hardware devices with the assumption of possessing inherent non-clonable physical randomness which leads to unique pairs of inputs and outputs that provide a secure fingerprint for cryptographic protocols like authentication. In the case of quantum PUFs (QPUFs), the input-output pairs consist of quantum states instead of classical bitstrings, offering advantages over classical PUFs (CPUFs) such as challenge reusability via public channels and non-reliance over any trusted party due to the no-cloning theorem. In recent literature, a generalized mathematical framework for studying QPUFs was developed, which paved the way for having QPUF models with provable security. It was proved that \emph{existential unforgeability} against Quantum Polynomial Time (QPT) adversaries cannot be achieved by any random unitary QPUF. Since measurements are non-unitary quantum processes, we define a QPUF based on random von Neumann measurements. We prove that such a QPUF is existentially unforgeable. Thus, we introduce the first model in existing literature that depicts such a high level of provable security. We also prove that the Quantum Phase Estimation (QPE) protocol applied on a Haar random unitary serves as an approximate implementation for this kind of QPUF as it approximates a von Neumann measurement on the eigenbasis of the unitary.
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