Finite-element assembly approach of optical quantum walk networks

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2405.08884v1
• Date: Tue, 14 May 2024 18:04:25 GMT
• Title: Finite-element assembly approach of optical quantum walk networks
• Authors: Christopher R. Schwarze, David S. Simon, Anthony D. Manni, Abdoulaye Ndao, Alexander V. Sergienko,
• Abstract summary: We present a finite-element approach for computing the aggregate scattering matrix of a network of linear coherent scatterers. Unlike traditional finite-element methods in optics, this method does not directly solve Maxwell's equations.
• Score: 39.58317527488534
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: We present a finite-element approach for computing the aggregate scattering matrix of a network of linear coherent scatterers. These might be optical scatterers or more general scattering coins studied in quantum walk theory. While techniques exist for two-dimensional lattices of feed-forward scatterers, the present approach is applicable to any network configuration of any collection of scatterers. Unlike traditional finite-element methods in optics, this method does not directly solve Maxwell's equations; instead it is used to assemble and solve a linear, coupled scattering problem that emerges after Maxwell's equations are abstracted within the scattering matrix method. With this approach, a global unitary is assembled corresponding to one time step of the quantum walk on the network. After applying the relevant boundary conditions to this global matrix, the problem becomes non-unitary, and possesses a steady-state solution which is the output scattering state. We provide an algorithm to obtain this steady-state solution exactly using a matrix inversion, yielding the scattering state without requiring a direct calculation of the eigenspectrum. The approach is then numerically validated on a coupled-cavity interferometer example that possesses a known, closed-form solution. Finally, the method is shown to be a generalization of the Redheffer star product, which describes scatterers on one-dimensional lattices (2-regular graphs) and is often applied to the design of thin-film optics, making the current approach an invaluable tool for the design and validation of high-dimensional phase-reprogrammable optical devices and study of quantum walks on arbitrary graphs.

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