Fuzzing Processing Pipelines for Zero-Knowledge Circuits

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2411.02077v1
• Date: Mon, 04 Nov 2024 13:31:03 GMT
• Title: Fuzzing Processing Pipelines for Zero-Knowledge Circuits
• Authors: Christoph Hochrainer, Anastasia Isychev, Valentin Wüstholz, Maria Christakis,
• Abstract summary: We present the first systematic fuzzing technique for Zero-knowledge (ZK) pipelines. This technique uses metamorphic test oracles to detect critical logic bugs. We have implemented our technique in an open-source tool called Circuzz.
• Score: 1.9749268648715583
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Zero-knowledge (ZK) protocols have recently found numerous practical applications, such as in authentication, online-voting, and blockchain systems. These protocols are powered by highly complex pipelines that process deterministic programs, called circuits, written in one of many domain-specific programming languages, e.g., Circom, Noir, and others. Logic bugs in circuit-processing pipelines could have catastrophic consequences and cause significant financial and reputational damage. As an example, consider that a logic bug in a ZK pipeline could result in attackers stealing identities or assets. It is, therefore, critical to develop effective techniques for checking their correctness. In this paper, we present the first systematic fuzzing technique for ZK pipelines, which uses metamorphic test oracles to detect critical logic bugs. We have implemented our technique in an open-source tool called Circuzz. We used Circuzz to test four significantly different ZK pipelines and found a total of 16 logic bugs in all pipelines. Due to their critical nature, 15 of our bugs have already been fixed by the pipeline developers.

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