Improved finite-size effects in QKD protocols with applications to decoy-state QKD

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2502.05382v1
• Date: Fri, 07 Feb 2025 23:37:50 GMT
• Title: Improved finite-size effects in QKD protocols with applications to decoy-state QKD
• Authors: Lars Kamin, Devashish Tupkary, Norbert Lütkenhaus,
• Abstract summary: We present a finite-size security proof for generic quantum key distribution protocols against independent and identically distributed collective attacks. We extend our proof to coherent attacks and variable-length protocols.
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• Abstract: We present a finite-size security proof for generic quantum key distribution protocols against independent and identically distributed collective attacks and extend it to coherent attacks using the postselection technique. This work introduces two significant improvements over previous results. First, we achieve tighter finite-size key rates by employing refined concentration inequalities in the acceptance testing phase. Second, we improve second-order correction terms in the key rate expression, by reducing them to scale with the number of sifted rounds rather than the total number of protocol rounds. We apply these advancements to compute finite-size key rates for a qubit and decoy-state BB84 protocol, accommodating arbitrary protocol parameters. Finally, we extend our finite-size security proof to coherent attacks and variable-length protocols and present our results for the decoy-state 4-6 protocol incorporating imperfections such as unequal intensity settings.

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