Work Statistics via Real-Time Effective Field Theory: Application to Work Extraction from Thermal Bath with Qubit Coupling

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2502.18812v1
• Date: Wed, 26 Feb 2025 04:41:41 GMT
• Title: Work Statistics via Real-Time Effective Field Theory: Application to Work Extraction from Thermal Bath with Qubit Coupling
• Authors: Jhh-Jing Hong, Feng-Li Lin,
• Abstract summary: We study the possible work extraction via coupling the thermal bath to a qubit of either spin, fermion, or topological types.<n>The amount of work extraction is derived from the work statistics under a cyclic nonequilibrium process.
• Score: 0.023020018305241332
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Quantum thermal states are known to be passive, as required by the second law of thermodynamics. This paper studies the possible work extraction via coupling the thermal bath to a qubit of either spin, fermion, or topological types, which acts as a quantum thermal state at different temperatures. The amount of work extraction is derived from the work statistics under a cyclic nonequilibrium process. Though the work statistics of many-body systems are known to be challenging to calculate explicitly, we propose an effective field theory approach to tackle this problem by assuming the externally driven source to couple to a specific quasiparticle operator of the thermal state. We show that the work statistics can be expressed succinctly in terms of this quasiparticle's thermal spectral function. We obtain the non-perturbative work distribution function (WDF) for the pure thermal bath without the qubit coupling. With qubit coupling, we get the second-order WDF, from which the physical regime of work extraction can be pinned down precisely to help devise quantum engines.

Related papers

• Leveraging quantum statistics to enhance heat engines [0.0]
  We propose hybrid quantum heat engines which utilize additional strokes that change the single particle statistics between bosonic and fermionic descriptions. We show that by suitably choosing where to implement these statistical strokes during an Otto like cycle, the efficiency and work output can be significantly enhanced. In the degenerate regime our engine can operate at the Carnot efficiency, due to the interplay between the different contributions of heat and work induced by the statistical strokes.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-03-25T04:22:19Z)
• Efficient Quantum Work Reservoirs at the Nanoscale [44.99833362998488]
  We show that two-level work reservoirs undershoot Landauer's bound, misleadingly implying energy dissipation during computation. In contrast, we demonstrate that multilevel work reservoirs achieve Landauer's bound while producing arbitrarily low entropy.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-05-28T21:52:33Z)
• Monitored non-adiabatic and coherent-controlled quantum unital Otto heat engines: First four cumulants [0.0]
  We consider a single spin-1/2 quantum Otto heat engine, by first replacing one of the heat baths by an arbitrary unital channel. We show that the ratio of the fluctuations of work and heat is lower and upper-bounded when the system is working as a heat engine.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-05-17T15:20:49Z)
• Gaussian work extraction from random Gaussian states is nearly impossible [0.0]
  A key resource in thermodynamics is the extractable work, forming the backbone of thermal engines. We show that Gaussian states are typically useless for Gaussian work extraction.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-12-07T07:18:12Z)
• Numerically "exact" simulations of a quantum Carnot cycle: Analysis using thermodynamic work diagrams [0.0]
  We investigate the efficiency of a quantum Carnot engine based on open quantum dynamics theory. Numerical simulations are conducted in a nonperturbative and non-Markovian SB coupling regime. We find that the maximum efficiency is achieved in the quasi-static case.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-05-19T11:53:03Z)
• Experimental verification of fluctuation relations with a quantum computer [68.8204255655161]
  We use a quantum processor to experimentally validate a number of theoretical results in non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics. Our experiments constitute the experimental basis for the understanding of the non-equilibrium energetics of quantum computation.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-06-08T14:16:12Z)
• Nonequilibrium fluctuations of a quantum heat engine [0.0]
  We experimentally investigate the efficiency and nonequilibrium entropy production statistics of a spin-1/2 quantum Otto cycle. Our results characterize the statistical features of a small-scale thermal machine in the quantum domain.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-04-27T18:53:53Z)
• Taking the temperature of a pure quantum state [55.41644538483948]
  Temperature is a deceptively simple concept that still raises deep questions at the forefront of quantum physics research. We propose a scheme to measure the temperature of such pure states through quantum interference.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-03-30T18:18:37Z)
• Evolution of a Non-Hermitian Quantum Single-Molecule Junction at Constant Temperature [62.997667081978825]
  We present a theory for describing non-Hermitian quantum systems embedded in constant-temperature environments. We find that the combined action of probability losses and thermal fluctuations assists quantum transport through the molecular junction.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-01-21T14:33:34Z)
• Probing eigenstate thermalization in quantum simulators via fluctuation-dissipation relations [77.34726150561087]
  The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) offers a universal mechanism for the approach to equilibrium of closed quantum many-body systems. Here, we propose a theory-independent route to probe the full ETH in quantum simulators by observing the emergence of fluctuation-dissipation relations. Our work presents a theory-independent way to characterize thermalization in quantum simulators and paves the way to quantum simulate condensed matter pump-probe experiments.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-07-20T18:00:02Z)
• Thermodynamics of a Quantum Annealer [6.85316573653194]
  We investigate the properties of the D-Wave quantum annealers from a thermodynamical perspective. We performed a number of experiments on the D-Wave 2000Q via the open access cloud server Leap.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-03-04T13:02:15Z)
• Reservoir engineering with arbitrary temperatures for spin systems and quantum thermal machine with maximum efficiency [50.591267188664666]
  Reservoir engineering is an important tool for quantum information science and quantum thermodynamics. We employ this technique to engineer reservoirs with arbitrary (effective) negative and positive temperatures for a single spin system.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-01-28T00:18:00Z)
• Simulation of Thermal Relaxation in Spin Chemistry Systems on a Quantum Computer Using Inherent Qubit Decoherence [53.20999552522241]
  We seek to take advantage of qubit decoherence as a resource in simulating the behavior of real world quantum systems. We present three methods for implementing the thermal relaxation. We find excellent agreement between our results, experimental data, and the theoretical prediction.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-01-03T11:48:11Z)

This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.

This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.