Leveraging Vision-Language Models to Select Trustworthy Super-Resolution Samples Generated by Diffusion Models

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20832v1
• Date: Wed, 25 Jun 2025 21:00:44 GMT
• Title: Leveraging Vision-Language Models to Select Trustworthy Super-Resolution Samples Generated by Diffusion Models
• Authors: Cansu Korkmaz, Ahmet Murat Tekalp, Zafer Dogan,
• Abstract summary: This paper introduces a robust framework for identifying the most trustworthy SR sample from a diffusion-generated set.<n>We propose a novel Trustworthiness Score (TWS) a hybrid metric that quantifies SR reliability based on semantic similarity.<n>By aligning outputs with human expectations and semantic correctness, this work sets a new benchmark for trustworthiness in generative SR.
• Score: 0.026861992804651083
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Super-resolution (SR) is an ill-posed inverse problem with many feasible solutions consistent with a given low-resolution image. On one hand, regressive SR models aim to balance fidelity and perceptual quality to yield a single solution, but this trade-off often introduces artifacts that create ambiguity in information-critical applications such as recognizing digits or letters. On the other hand, diffusion models generate a diverse set of SR images, but selecting the most trustworthy solution from this set remains a challenge. This paper introduces a robust, automated framework for identifying the most trustworthy SR sample from a diffusion-generated set by leveraging the semantic reasoning capabilities of vision-language models (VLMs). Specifically, VLMs such as BLIP-2, GPT-4o, and their variants are prompted with structured queries to assess semantic correctness, visual quality, and artifact presence. The top-ranked SR candidates are then ensembled to yield a single trustworthy output in a cost-effective manner. To rigorously assess the validity of VLM-selected samples, we propose a novel Trustworthiness Score (TWS) a hybrid metric that quantifies SR reliability based on three complementary components: semantic similarity via CLIP embeddings, structural integrity using SSIM on edge maps, and artifact sensitivity through multi-level wavelet decomposition. We empirically show that TWS correlates strongly with human preference in both ambiguous and natural images, and that VLM-guided selections consistently yield high TWS values. Compared to conventional metrics like PSNR, LPIPS, which fail to reflect information fidelity, our approach offers a principled, scalable, and generalizable solution for navigating the uncertainty of the diffusion SR space. By aligning outputs with human expectations and semantic correctness, this work sets a new benchmark for trustworthiness in generative SR.

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