Formation of Cavity-Polaritons via High-Order Van Hove Singularities

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2509.15849v1
• Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2025 10:34:20 GMT
• Title: Formation of Cavity-Polaritons via High-Order Van Hove Singularities
• Authors: Igor Gianardi, Michele Pini, Francesco Piazza,
• Abstract summary: polaritons formed by hybridizing particle-hole excitations of an insulating phase with a cavity photon at sub-gap frequencies.<n>We propose a non-parabolic momentum dispersion of the bands around the gap in order to implement a high-order Van Hove singularity.<n>Our findings identify band-engineering at the gap edge as a promising route for polariton control with applications in quantum-nonlinear optics.
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• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: We consider polaritons formed by hybridizing particle-hole excitations of an insulating phase with a cavity photon at sub-gap frequencies, where absorption is suppressed. The strength of the hybridization is driven by the Van Hove singularity in the JDOS at the band gap: the stronger the singularity, the more a photon is hybridized with the interband transitions. In order to increase the singularity and thus the polariton hybridization without absorption, we propose to engineer a non-parabolic momentum dispersion of the bands around the gap in order to implement a high-order Van Hove singularity (HOVHS) in the JDOS. Ultracold atoms in tunable optical lattices are an ideal platform to engineer two-dimensional gapped phases with non-trivial band dispersions at the gap. Moreover, the intrinsic non-interacting nature of polarized fermionic atoms prevents the emergence of sub-gap excitations, which are common in solid-state systems and could otherwise spoil the absence of absorption below the gap. Our findings identify band-engineering at the gap edge as a promising route for polariton control with applications in quantum-nonlinear optics.

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