From Generic to Specialized: A Subspecialty Diagnostic System Powered by Self-Supervised Learning for Cervical Histopathology

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10196v1
• Date: Sat, 11 Oct 2025 12:22:35 GMT
• Title: From Generic to Specialized: A Subspecialty Diagnostic System Powered by Self-Supervised Learning for Cervical Histopathology
• Authors: Yizhi Wang, Li Chen, Qiang Huang, Tian Guan, Xi Deng, Zhiyuan Shen, Jiawen Li, Xinrui Chen, Bin Hu, Xitong Ling, Taojie Zhu, Zirui Huang, Deshui Yu, Yan Liu, Jiurun Chen, Lianghui Zhu, Qiming He, Yiqing Liu, Diwei Shi, Hanzhong Liu, Junbo Hu, Hongyi Gao, Zhen Song, Xilong Zhao, Chao He, Ming Zhao, Yonghong He,
• Abstract summary: We introduce the Cervical Sub-Path (CerS-Path) diagnostic system.<n>Self-supervised learning on 190 million tissue patches from 140,000 slides to build a cervical-specific feature extractor.<n> multimodal enhancement with 2.5 million image-text pairs, followed by integration with multiple downstream diagnostic functions.
• Score: 29.378512559906977
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
• Abstract: Cervical cancer remains a major malignancy, necessitating extensive and complex histopathological assessments and comprehensive support tools. Although deep learning shows promise, these models still lack accuracy and generalizability. General foundation models offer a broader reach but remain limited in capturing subspecialty-specific features and task adaptability. We introduce the Cervical Subspecialty Pathology (CerS-Path) diagnostic system, developed through two synergistic pretraining stages: self-supervised learning on approximately 190 million tissue patches from 140,000 slides to build a cervical-specific feature extractor, and multimodal enhancement with 2.5 million image-text pairs, followed by integration with multiple downstream diagnostic functions. Supporting eight diagnostic functions, including rare cancer classification and multimodal Q&A, CerS-Path surpasses prior foundation models in scope and clinical applicability. Comprehensive evaluations demonstrate a significant advance in cervical pathology, with prospective testing on 3,173 cases across five centers maintaining 99.38% screening sensitivity and excellent generalizability, highlighting its potential for subspecialty diagnostic translation and cervical cancer screening.

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