Contextual Attention Modulation: Towards Efficient Multi-Task Adaptation in Large Language Models

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.17705v1
• Date: Mon, 20 Oct 2025 16:19:27 GMT
• Title: Contextual Attention Modulation: Towards Efficient Multi-Task Adaptation in Large Language Models
• Authors: Dayan Pan, Zhaoyang Fu, Jingyuan Wang, Xiao Han, Yue Zhu, Xiangyu Zhao,
• Abstract summary: Large Language Models (LLMs) possess remarkable capabilities but struggle with multi-task adaptation.<n>We propose Contextual Attention Modulation (CAM), a novel mechanism that dynamically modulates the representations of self-attention modules in LLMs.<n>Our approach significantly outperforms existing approaches, achieving an average performance improvement of 3.65%.
• Score: 23.932127056475526
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) possess remarkable generalization capabilities but struggle with multi-task adaptation, particularly in balancing knowledge retention with task-specific specialization. Conventional fine-tuning methods suffer from catastrophic forgetting and substantial resource consumption, while existing parameter-efficient methods perform suboptimally in complex multi-task scenarios. To address this, we propose Contextual Attention Modulation (CAM), a novel mechanism that dynamically modulates the representations of self-attention modules in LLMs. CAM enhances task-specific features while preserving general knowledge, thereby facilitating more effective and efficient adaptation. For effective multi-task adaptation, CAM is integrated into our Hybrid Contextual Attention Modulation (HyCAM) framework, which combines a shared, full-parameter CAM module with multiple specialized, lightweight CAM modules, enhanced by a dynamic routing strategy for adaptive knowledge fusion. Extensive experiments on heterogeneous tasks, including question answering, code generation, and logical reasoning, demonstrate that our approach significantly outperforms existing approaches, achieving an average performance improvement of 3.65%. The implemented code and data are available to ease reproducibility at https://github.com/Applied-Machine-Learning-Lab/HyCAM.

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