LSPRAG: LSP-Guided RAG for Language-Agnostic Real-Time Unit Test Generation

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.22210v1
• Date: Sat, 25 Oct 2025 08:19:21 GMT
• Title: LSPRAG: LSP-Guided RAG for Language-Agnostic Real-Time Unit Test Generation
• Authors: Gwihwan Go, Quan Zhang, Chijin Zhou, Zhao Wei, Yu Jiang,
• Abstract summary: We present LSPRAG, a framework for concise-context retrieval tailored for real-time, language-agnostic unit test generation.<n>By reusing mature Language Server Protocol (LSP) back-ends, LSPRAG provides an LLM with language-aware context retrieval.<n>Compared to the best performance of baselines, LSPRAG increased line coverage by up to 174.55% for Golang, 213.31% for Java, and 31.57% for Python.
• Score: 19.781961858094398
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Automated unit test generation is essential for robust software development, yet existing approaches struggle to generalize across multiple programming languages and operate within real-time development. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a promising solution, their ability to generate high coverage test code depends on prompting a concise context of the focal method. Current solutions, such as Retrieval-Augmented Generation, either rely on imprecise similarity-based searches or demand the creation of costly, language-specific static analysis pipelines. To address this gap, we present LSPRAG, a framework for concise-context retrieval tailored for real-time, language-agnostic unit test generation. LSPRAG leverages off-the-shelf Language Server Protocol (LSP) back-ends to supply LLMs with precise symbol definitions and references in real time. By reusing mature LSP servers, LSPRAG provides an LLM with language-aware context retrieval, requiring minimal per-language engineering effort. We evaluated LSPRAG on open-source projects spanning Java, Go, and Python. Compared to the best performance of baselines, LSPRAG increased line coverage by up to 174.55% for Golang, 213.31% for Java, and 31.57% for Python.

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