SPARTA: $χ^2$-calibrated, risk-controlled exploration-exploitation for variational quantum algorithms

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.19551v1
• Date: Mon, 24 Nov 2025 13:54:01 GMT
• Title: SPARTA: $χ^2$-calibrated, risk-controlled exploration-exploitation for variational quantum algorithms
• Authors: Mikhail Zubarev,
• Abstract summary: Variational quantum algorithms face a fundamental trainability crisis: barren plateaus render optimization exponentially difficult as system size grows.<n>We present the sequential plateau-adaptive regime-testing algorithm (SPARTA) that provides explicit, anytime-valid risk control for quantum optimization.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Variational quantum algorithms face a fundamental trainability crisis: barren plateaus render optimization exponentially difficult as system size grows. While recent Lie algebraic theory precisely characterizes when and why these plateaus occur, no practical optimization method exists with finite-sample guarantees for navigating them. We present the sequential plateau-adaptive regime-testing algorithm (SPARTA), the first measurement-frugal scheduler that provides explicit, anytime-valid risk control for quantum optimization. Our approach integrates three components with rigorous statistical foundations: (i) a $χ^2$-calibrated sequential test that distinguishes barren plateaus from informative regions using likelihood-ratio supermartingales; (ii) a probabilistic trust-region exploration strategy with one-sided acceptance to prevent false improvements under shot noise; and (iii) a theoretically-optimal exploitation phase that achieves the best attainable convergence rate. We prove geometric bounds on plateau exit times, linear convergence in informative basins, and show how Lie-algebraic variance proxies enhance test power without compromising statistical calibration.

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