Dynamic stimulated emission for deterministic addition and subtraction of propagating photons

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.09711v1
• Date: Wed, 10 Dec 2025 14:57:58 GMT
• Title: Dynamic stimulated emission for deterministic addition and subtraction of propagating photons
• Authors: Haoyuan Luo, Parth S. Shah, Frank Yang, Mohammad Mirhosseini, Sahand Mahmoodian,
• Abstract summary: We introduce the concept of textitdynamic stimulated emission, whereby a quantum emitter undergoes stimulated emission with a time-dependent coupling.<n>We show that for both two- and three-level emitters, this process can be used to deterministically add or subtract a photon to a single propagating optical mode.<n>Our protocols provide a path towards integrating quantum emitters to construct efficient sources of single-mode non-Gaussian light beyond single photons.
• Score: 0.6157382820537719
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Photon subtraction and addition are essential non-Gaussian processes in quantum optics, where conventional methods using linear optics and number-resolving detection often suffer from low success probability. Here, we introduce the concept of \textit{dynamic stimulated emission}, whereby a quantum emitter undergoes stimulated emission with a time-dependent coupling. We show that, for both two- and three-level emitters, this process can be used to deterministically add or subtract a photon to a single propagating optical mode. We provide semi-analytic solutions to this problem for Fock states, enabling deterministic and unconditional single-photon subtraction and addition with fidelity ${\cal F}>0.996$. Our semi-analytic solutions are provided for both dynamically coupled two-level systems and for three-level systems whose dynamical coupling is controlled by a coherent laser drive. Moving beyond individual Fock states, we further showcase the ability to subtract and add single photons to photon-number superposition states. We show that Schrödinger cat states can be prepared from squeezed vacuum input via cascaded subtraction or cascaded addition. Finally, we show that our photon-addition process can be used to add a photon to any squeezed and displaced state with high success probability and fidelity ${\cal F}>0.99$, thereby potentially converting quantum emitters from single-photon sources to sources of single-photon-added Gaussian states without the need for inline squeezing. Our protocols provide a path towards integrating quantum emitters to construct efficient sources of single-mode non-Gaussian light beyond single photons.

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