SpIDER: Spatially Informed Dense Embedding Retrieval for Software Issue Localization

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.16956v1
• Date: Thu, 18 Dec 2025 01:32:25 GMT
• Title: SpIDER: Spatially Informed Dense Embedding Retrieval for Software Issue Localization
• Authors: Shravan Chaudhari, Rahul Thomas Jacob, Mononito Goswami, Jiajun Cao, Shihab Rashid, Christian Bock,
• Abstract summary: Agentic approaches typically employ sparse retrieval methods like BM25 or dense embedding strategies to identify relevant units.<n>We propose SpIDER (Spatially Informed Dense Embedding Retrieval), an enhanced dense retrieval approach that incorporates LLM-based reasoning over auxiliary context.<n> Empirical results show that SpIDER consistently improves dense retrieval performance across several programming languages.
• Score: 6.098008057625392
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Retrieving code units (e.g., files, classes, functions) that are semantically relevant to a given user query, bug report, or feature request from large codebases is a fundamental challenge for LLM-based coding agents. Agentic approaches typically employ sparse retrieval methods like BM25 or dense embedding strategies to identify relevant units. While embedding-based approaches can outperform BM25 by large margins, they often lack exploration of the codebase and underutilize its underlying graph structure. To address this, we propose SpIDER (Spatially Informed Dense Embedding Retrieval), an enhanced dense retrieval approach that incorporates LLM-based reasoning over auxiliary context obtained through graph-based exploration of the codebase. Empirical results show that SpIDER consistently improves dense retrieval performance across several programming languages.

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