$Δ_T$ Noise from Electron-Hole Asymmetry in Normal and Superconducting Quantum Point Contacts

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2601.00402v1
• Date: Thu, 01 Jan 2026 17:30:39 GMT
• Title: $Δ_T$ Noise from Electron-Hole Asymmetry in Normal and Superconducting Quantum Point Contacts
• Authors: Sachiraj Mishra, Colin Benjamin,
• Abstract summary: This work examines $_T$ noise in two-terminal hybrid nanostructures featuring a quantum point contact (QPC)<n>The inclusion of a QPC breaks electron-hole (e-h) symmetry, leading to a finite thermovoltage.<n>In our setup, the broken e-h symmetry allows for a finite thermovoltage, at which we compute the corresponding $_T$ noise.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
• Abstract: This work examines $Δ_T$ noise in two-terminal hybrid nanostructures featuring a quantum point contact (QPC), realized either between two normal metals (NQN) or between a normal metal and a superconductor (NQS). The inclusion of a QPC breaks electron-hole (e-h) symmetry, leading to a finite thermovoltage. In contrast, earlier studies on hybrid junctions incorporating insulating barriers, as e-h symmetry is preserved, have vanishing thermovoltage, and consequently, $Δ_T$ noise is calculated at zero thermovoltage. In our setup, the broken e-h symmetry allows for a finite thermovoltage, at which we compute the corresponding $Δ_T$ noise. Unlike earlier studies restricted by e-h symmetry and vanishing thermovoltage, our work establishes a self-consistent framework in mesoscopic hybrid junctions, revealing how Andreev reflection fundamentally reshapes $Δ_T$ noise once e-h symmetry is broken. This broad access to charge fluctuation signatures provides a more comprehensive understanding of non-equilibrium transport in linear response. To our knowledge, this work provides the first self-consistent analysis of $Δ_T$ noise in superconducting hybrid junctions where e-h symmetry is broken, explicitly revealing how Andreev reflection modifies $Δ_T$ noise beyond the symmetry-protected zero-thermovoltage regime.

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