Noise-Aware Named Entity Recognition for Historical VET Documents

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2601.00488v1
• Date: Thu, 01 Jan 2026 21:43:35 GMT
• Title: Noise-Aware Named Entity Recognition for Historical VET Documents
• Authors: Alexander M. Esser, Jens Dörpinghaus,
• Abstract summary: We propose a robust NER approach leveraging Noise-Aware Training (NAT) with synthetically injected OCR errors, transfer learning, and multi-stage fine-tuning.<n>Our method is one of the first to recognize multiple entity types in VET documents.
• Score: 45.88028371034407
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
• Abstract: This paper addresses Named Entity Recognition (NER) in the domain of Vocational Education and Training (VET), focusing on historical, digitized documents that suffer from OCR-induced noise. We propose a robust NER approach leveraging Noise-Aware Training (NAT) with synthetically injected OCR errors, transfer learning, and multi-stage fine-tuning. Three complementary strategies, training on noisy, clean, and artificial data, are systematically compared. Our method is one of the first to recognize multiple entity types in VET documents. It is applied to German documents but transferable to arbitrary languages. Experimental results demonstrate that domain-specific and noise-aware fine-tuning substantially increases robustness and accuracy under noisy conditions. We provide publicly available code for reproducible noise-aware NER in domain-specific contexts.

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