LLM Agent Framework for Intelligent Change Analysis in Urban Environment using Remote Sensing Imagery

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2601.02757v1
• Date: Tue, 06 Jan 2026 06:49:51 GMT
• Title: LLM Agent Framework for Intelligent Change Analysis in Urban Environment using Remote Sensing Imagery
• Authors: Zixuan Xiao, Jun Ma,
• Abstract summary: This paper presents a general agent framework, integrating Large Language Models (LLM) with vision foundation models to form ChangeGPT.<n>The agent was evaluated on a curated dataset of 140 questions categorized by real-world scenarios, encompassing various question types (e.g., Size, Class, Number) and complexities.<n>ChangeGPT, especially with a GPT-4-turbo backend, demonstrated superior performance, achieving a 90.71 % Match rate.
• Score: 3.585412183424656
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Existing change detection methods often lack the versatility to handle diverse real-world queries and the intelligence for comprehensive analysis. This paper presents a general agent framework, integrating Large Language Models (LLM) with vision foundation models to form ChangeGPT. A hierarchical structure is employed to mitigate hallucination. The agent was evaluated on a curated dataset of 140 questions categorized by real-world scenarios, encompassing various question types (e.g., Size, Class, Number) and complexities. The evaluation assessed the agent's tool selection ability (Precision/Recall) and overall query accuracy (Match). ChangeGPT, especially with a GPT-4-turbo backend, demonstrated superior performance, achieving a 90.71 % Match rate. Its strength lies particularly in handling change-related queries requiring multi-step reasoning and robust tool selection. Practical effectiveness was further validated through a real-world urban change monitoring case study in Qianhai Bay, Shenzhen. By providing intelligence, adaptability, and multi-type change analysis, ChangeGPT offers a powerful solution for decision-making in remote sensing applications.

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