A PUF-Based Security Framework for Fault and Intrusion Detection

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2601.17661v1
• Date: Sun, 25 Jan 2026 02:36:08 GMT
• Title: A PUF-Based Security Framework for Fault and Intrusion Detection
• Authors: Ahmed Oun, Rishabh Das, Clay Hess, Aakriti Barat, Savas Kaya,
• Abstract summary: This research presents a hardware-root-of-trust that embeds a Physically Unclonable Function (PUF) at the measurement layer to authenticate sensor readings.<n>The architecture combines voltage fingerprinting with a temporal authentication that integrates with standard industrial control system architecture.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Industrial Control Systems (ICS) rely on sensor feedback to keep safety-critical processes within operational limits. This research presents a hardware-root-of-trust that embeds a Physically Unclonable Function (PUF) at the measurement layer to authenticate sensor readings. The architecture combines voltage fingerprinting with a temporal authentication that integrates with standard industrial control system architecture. The research prototypes the PUF integration on a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) water tank testbed using a Simulink-based PUF emulator. The system maintains 99.97% accuracy over a 5.18-hour period of normal operation and flags all injected anomalies, including spike faults, hard-over faults, and hardware trojan scenarios that push the system over to an unsafe operational state. The proposed architecture provides a process-aware, vendor-agnostic approach that can integrate with legacy plants to detect sensor signal degradation or sophisticated supply chain attacks.

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