Probing mesoscopic nonlocal screening in van der Waals heterostructures with polaritons

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.09383v1
• Date: Tue, 10 Mar 2026 08:56:15 GMT
• Title: Probing mesoscopic nonlocal screening in van der Waals heterostructures with polaritons
• Abstract summary: We quantify charge transfer from polariton-wavelength shifts and find a thickness-independent saturated response as -MoO3 is thinned.<n>Across more than 120 devices, this metric scales linearly with the work-function difference between the TMDC and -MoO3.
• Score: 14.436657272360835
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
• Abstract: Predictive optical modelling of van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures is critical for meta-optics, near-field photonics and quantum technologies. At their buried interfaces, charge transfer and spatially extended screening challenge local descriptions based on layer-by-layer stacking of fixed permittivity tensors. However, such nonlocal corrections have been established mainly for plasmonic systems at ångström-nanometre scales and are often assumed negligible on optical-wavelength scales. Here we challenge this view by uncovering a mesoscopic nonlocal screening regime, extending up to ~140 nm, at buried charge-transfer interfaces in transition-metal dichalcogenide/α-molybdenum trioxide (TMDC/α-MoO3) phonon-polaritonic heterostructures. Using phonon polaritons as an ultrasensitive probe, we quantify charge transfer from polariton-wavelength shifts and find a thickness-independent saturated response as α-MoO3 is thinned. Rather than merely complicating optical modelling, this nonlocal saturation turns a design-level correction into an opportunity by yielding a transferable cross-material metric. Across more than 120 devices, this metric scales linearly with the work-function difference between the TMDC and α-MoO3. We further identify a lattice-mismatch-set energy threshold for charge transfer, revising Anderson-type band alignment for vdW interfaces.

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