Unified Orbit-Attitude Estimation and Sensor Tasking Framework for Autonomous Cislunar Space Domain Awareness Using Multiplicative Unscented Kalman Filter
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.20579v1
- Date: Sat, 21 Mar 2026 00:25:34 GMT
- Title: Unified Orbit-Attitude Estimation and Sensor Tasking Framework for Autonomous Cislunar Space Domain Awareness Using Multiplicative Unscented Kalman Filter
- Abstract summary: The cislunar regime departs from near-Earth orbital behavior through strongly non-linear, non-Keplerian dynamics.<n> challenges arise from long-range observation requirements, restrictive sensor-target geometry and illumination conditions.<n>This work introduces an advanced framework for cislunar space domain awareness.
- Score: 0.0
- License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
- Abstract: The cislunar regime departs from near-Earth orbital behavior through strongly non-linear, non-Keplerian dynamics, which adversely affect the accuracy of uncertainty propagation and state estimation. Additional challenges arise from long-range observation requirements, restrictive sensor-target geometry and illumination conditions, the need to monitor an expansive cislunar volume, and the large design space associated with space/ground-based sensor placement. In response to these challenges, this work introduces an advanced framework for cislunar space domain awareness (SDA) encompassing two key tasks: (1) observer architecture optimization based on a realistic cost formulation that captures key performance trade-offs, solved using the Tree of Parzen Estimators algorithm, and (2) leveraging the resulting observer architecture, a mutual information-driven sensor tasking optimization is performed at discrete tasking intervals, while orbital and attitude state estimation is carried out at a finer temporal resolution between successive tasking updates using an error-state multiplicative unscented Kalman filter. Numerical simulations demonstrate that our approach in Task 1 yields observer architectures that achieve significantly lower values of the proposed cost function than baseline random-search solutions, while using fewer sensors. Task 2 results show that translational state estimation remains satisfactory over a wide range of target-to-observer count ratios, whereas attitude estimation is significantly more sensitive to target-to-observer ratios and tasking intervals, with increased rotational-state divergence observed for high target counts and infrequent tasking updates. These results highlight important trade-offs between sensing resources, tasking cadence, and achievable state estimation performance that influence the scalability of autonomous cislunar SDA.
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