DGRNet: Disagreement-Guided Refinement for Uncertainty-Aware Brain Tumor Segmentation

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.21086v1
• Date: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 06:56:38 GMT
• Title: DGRNet: Disagreement-Guided Refinement for Uncertainty-Aware Brain Tumor Segmentation
• Abstract summary: We propose the Disagreement-Guided Refinement Network (DGRNet) for MRI brain tumor segmentation.<n>DGRNet generates diverse predictions via four lightweight view-specific adapters attached to a shared encoder-decoder.<n>We show that DGRNet favorably improves state-of-the-art segmentation accuracy by 2.4% and 11% in main metrics Dice and HD95.
• Score: 25.65330582165925
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Accurate brain tumor segmentation from MRI scans is critical for diagnosis and treatment planning. Despite the strong performance of recent deep learning approaches, two fundamental limitations remain: (1) the lack of reliable uncertainty quantification in single-model predictions, which is essential for clinical deployment because the level of uncertainty may impact treatment decision-making, and (2) the under-utilization of rich information in radiology reports that can guide segmentation in ambiguous regions. In this paper, we propose the Disagreement-Guided Refinement Network (DGRNet), a novel framework that addresses both limitations through multi-view disagreement-based uncertainty estimation and text-conditioned refinement. DGRNet generates diverse predictions via four lightweight view-specific adapters attached to a shared encoder-decoder, enabling efficient uncertainty quantification within a single forward pass. Afterward, we build disagreement maps to identify regions of high segmentation uncertainty, which are then selectively refined according to clinical reports. Moreover, we introduce a diversity-preserving training strategy that combines pairwise similarity penalties and gradient isolation to prevent view collapse. The experimental results on the TextBraTS dataset show that DGRNet favorably improves state-of-the-art segmentation accuracy by 2.4% and 11% in main metrics Dice and HD95, respectively, while providing meaningful uncertainty estimates.

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