Portable and Secure CI/CD for COBOL: Lessons from an Industrial Migration

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2604.00936v1
• Date: Wed, 01 Apr 2026 14:12:04 GMT
• Title: Portable and Secure CI/CD for COBOL: Lessons from an Industrial Migration
• Abstract summary: This paper presents an industrial case study of Bankdata, a cooperative IT provider for Danish banks, where a Jenkins-based CI/CD pipeline had grown fragile, slow and tightly coupled to platform-specific logic.<n>We report on the migration to a containerized architecture featuring an abstraction layer for platform logic, simplified repository structure, and a pre-built OCI-compliant image.<n>Our experience highlights lessons on abstraction, containerization, and organizational adoption, offering guidance for modernizing pipelines in legacy, high-security environments.
• Score: 0.6499706858965408
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Continuous integration and delivery (CI/CD) pipelines are critical for sustaining the evolution of large software systems. In regulated industries with legacy technologies, however, pipelines themselves can become a source of technical debt. This paper presents an industrial case study of Bankdata, a cooperative IT provider for Danish banks, where a Jenkins-based COBOL CI/CD pipeline had grown fragile, slow, and tightly coupled to platform-specific logic. The original architecture relied on Groovy scripts spread across four repositories with runtime dependency installation, leading to long execution times, high maintenance costs, and vendor lock-in. We report on the migration to a containerized architecture featuring an abstraction layer for platform logic, simplified repository structure, and a pre-built OCI-compliant image containing COBOL tools and dependencies. The new design achieved an 82% runtime reduction. Our experience highlights lessons on abstraction, containerization, and organizational adoption, offering guidance for modernizing pipelines in legacy, high-security environments.

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