Exploring Robust Multi-Agent Workflows for Environmental Data Management

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2604.01647v1
• Date: Thu, 02 Apr 2026 05:46:40 GMT
• Title: Exploring Robust Multi-Agent Workflows for Environmental Data Management
• Abstract summary: EnviSmart is a production data management system deployed on campus-wide storage infrastructure for environmental research.<n>It externalizes behaviors (governance constraints), domain knowledge (retrievable context), and skills (tool-using procedures) as persistent, interlocking artifacts.
• Score: 2.556033550563853
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Embedding LLM-driven agents into environmental FAIR data management is compelling - they can externalize operational knowledge and scale curation across heterogeneous data and evolving conventions. However, replacing deterministic components with probabilistic workflows changes the failure mode: LLM pipelines may generate plausible but incorrect outputs that pass superficial checks and propagate into irreversible actions such as DOI minting and public release. We introduce EnviSmart, a production data management system deployed on campus-wide storage infrastructure for environmental research. EnviSmart treats reliability as an architectural property through two mechanisms: a three-track knowledge architecture that externalizes behaviors (governance constraints), domain knowledge (retrievable context), and skills (tool-using procedures) as persistent, interlocking artifacts; and a role-separated multi-agent design where deterministic validators and audited handoffs restore fail-stop semantics at trust boundaries before irreversible steps. We compare two production deployments. The University's GIS Center Ecological Archive (849 curated datasets) serves as a single-agent baseline. SF2Bench, a compound flooding benchmark comprising 2,452 monitoring stations and 8,557 published files spanning 39 years, validates the multi-agent workflow. The multi-agent approach improved both efficiency - completed by a single operator in two days with repeated artifact reuse across deployments - and reliability: audited handoffs detected and blocked a coordinate transformation error affecting all 2,452 stations before publication. A representative incident (ISS-004) demonstrated boundary-based containment with 10-minute detection latency, zero user exposure, and 80-minute resolution. This paper has been accepted at PEARC 2026.

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