Mean-field phase diagrams of spinor bosons in an optical cavity

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2604.14771v1
• Date: Thu, 16 Apr 2026 08:31:49 GMT
• Title: Mean-field phase diagrams of spinor bosons in an optical cavity
• Abstract summary: We discuss the simplest case when the external lattice nodes coincide with the antinodes of the cavity field.<n>We show that the system exhibits two types of magnetic phases: an antiferromagnetic Mott (AFM) and a ferromagnetic density wave (FDW)<n>In case of the zero total magnetization, only two of the three supersolid regimes survive, and the FDW phases are replaced by entangled density waves (EDW)
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: The plethora of possible ground states of spinor bosons placed in an external lattice and a cavity is revisited. We discuss the simplest case when the external lattice nodes coincide with the antinodes of the cavity field. We analyze the problem within the grand-canonical mean-field approach, considering both the homogeneous system and the nonhomogeneous case with a harmonic trapping potential. Due to the spin degree of freedom, in the homogeneous case we treat the system in a twofold manner: we impose the physically relevant total-magnetization constraint, while also discussing the minimization landscape for the full unconstrained problem. In the latter, by combining analytical arguments with numerical calculations based on the Gutzwiller ansatz, we show that the system exhibits two types of magnetic phases: an antiferromagnetic Mott insulator (AFM) and a ferromagnetic density wave (FDW). In addition, three distinct supersolid phases emerge, characterized by different patterns of spin and density imbalances. In case of the zero total magnetization, only two of the three supersolid regimes survive, and the FDW phases are replaced by entangled density waves (EDW). These new ground states present density-modulated superpositions of the underlying spin components of the bosons. Finally, we present the phase diagram of the trapped system, which is directly relevant for future experiments.

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