POCA: Pareto-Optimal Curriculum Alignment for Visual Text Generation

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2604.24171v1
• Date: Mon, 27 Apr 2026 08:29:52 GMT
• Title: POCA: Pareto-Optimal Curriculum Alignment for Visual Text Generation
• Abstract summary: Current visual text generation models struggle with the trade-off between text accuracy and overall image coherence.<n>We propose a framework that addresses this issue as a multi-objective problem.<n>POCA significantly improves all metrics such as CLIP, HPS scores and sentence accuracy.
• Score: 12.130080807547523
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Current visual text generation models struggle with the trade-off between text accuracy and overall image coherence. We find that achieving high text accuracy can reduce aesthetic quality and instruction-following capability. Although reinforcement learning approaches can alleviate the problem through aligning with multiple rewards, they are often unstable for text generation, as existing approaches normally optimize multiple rewards in a weighted-sum way. In addition, it is difficult to balance the weight of each reward. Moreover, reinforcement learning requires a set of training instructions. A large number of prompts require more training time and computing resources, while a small set leads to poor performance. Hence, how to select the prompts for efficient training is an unsolved problem. In this study, we propose Pareto-Optimal Curriculum Alignment (POCA), a framework that addresses this issue as a multi-objective problem by: 1) identifying the Pareto-optimal set to avoid simple scalarization and 2) designing an adaptive curriculum alignment strategy to manage a learning sequence of a multi-reward dataset using automatic difficulty assessment, which is crucial for optimal convergence as RL methods explore in a limited data environment. In synergy, POCA finds the Pareto-optimal set in a unified reward space, which eliminates inconsistent signals to find the best trade-off solution from different rewards under an easy-to-hard optimization landscape. The experimental results show that POCA significantly improves all metrics such as CLIP, HPS scores and sentence accuracy.

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