An input-output approach for giant atom scatterings beyond the dipole approximation

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2605.11041v1
• Date: Mon, 11 May 2026 08:11:03 GMT
• Title: An input-output approach for giant atom scatterings beyond the dipole approximation
• Abstract summary: A giant atom is an artificial matter configuration whose spatial scale is comparable to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.<n>We argue that various high-performance optical quantum devices, typically the giant-atom-based optical quantum switches, can be generated by engineering the Fano-type scatterings of giant atoms.
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• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: A giant atom is an artificial matter configuration whose spatial scale is comparable to the wavelength of the interacting electromagnetic wave, such that the usual electric-dipole approximation is no longer valid. As a consequence, certain quasi-direct scattering channels for the electromagnetic wave can arise. Given that the well-known input-output approach can only work for the usual point scattering configuration, wherein the electric-dipole approximation is well satisfied, here we develop a modified input-output approach, wherein an additional low-Q cavity channel is introduced, to treat the electromagnetic scattering problem of a giant atom. We demonstrate that, beyond the multiple coupling-point model used widely in recent publications, the present approach can well explain the Fano-type scattering spectra observed generically and extract certain physical parameters, including the energy dissipation parameter of a two-level giant atom and its coupling strength with the scattered electromagnetic wave. Consequently, we argue that various high-performance optical quantum devices, typically the giant-atom-based optical quantum switches, can be generated by engineering the Fano-type scatterings of giant atoms.

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