An Agentic LLM-Based Framework for Population-Scale Mental Health Screening

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2605.13046v1
• Date: Wed, 13 May 2026 06:08:43 GMT
• Title: An Agentic LLM-Based Framework for Population-Scale Mental Health Screening
• Abstract summary: This paper proposes an agentic framework for building robust LLM-based pipelines.<n>A proof-of-concept in transcript-based detection demonstrates that the framework converges to stable configurations.<n>Results highlight the potential of agentic AI to enable population-level mental health screening over large clinical datasets.
• Score: 0.3568466510804538
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Mental health disorders affect millions worldwide, and healthcare systems are increasingly overwhelmed by the volume of clinical data generated from electronic records, telemedicine platforms, and population-level screening programs. At the same time, the emergence of novel AI-based approaches in healthcare calls for intelligent frameworks capable of processing domain-specific unstructured clinical information while adapting to patient-specific needs. This paper proposes an agentic framework for building robust LLM-based pipelines, where each stage is encapsulated as a LangChain agent governed by explicit policies and proxy-guided evaluation. Stages are incrementally locked once validated, ensuring that later adaptations cannot overwrite configurations without demonstrated improvement. The proposed framework evolves from feature-level exploration, through proxy-based tuning and freeze/rollback mechanisms, to full orchestration by an Orchestrator Agent that coordinates preprocessing, retrieval, selection, diversity, threshold optimization, and decoding. A proof-of-concept in transcript-based depression detection demonstrates that the framework converges to stable configurations, such as cosine similarity, dynamic Top-k, and threshold 0.75, while controlling evaluation costs and avoiding regressions. These results highlight the potential of agentic AI to enable population-level mental health screening over large clinical datasets, addressing critical challenges in trustworthiness, reproducibility, and adaptability required in healthcare environments.

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