LiteCoder-Terminal: Scaling Long-Horizon Terminal Environments for Learning Language Agents

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2605.29559v1
• Date: Thu, 28 May 2026 08:11:57 GMT
• Title: LiteCoder-Terminal: Scaling Long-Horizon Terminal Environments for Learning Language Agents
• Abstract summary: We introduce LiteCoder-Terminal-Gen, a zero-dependency pipeline that generates terminal training environments directly from domain specifications.<n>Using this framework, we construct two large-scale resources: LiteCoder-Terminal-SFT, comprising 11,255 expert trajectories across 10 domains, and LiteCoder-Terminal-RL, featuring 602 verifiable environments for trajectory-level preference optimization.
• Score: 74.07551833809536
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Mastering terminal environments requires language agents capable of multi-step planning, feedback-grounded execution, and dynamic state adaptation. However, training such agents is currently bottlenecked by a reliance on scraped external repositories, which limits domain diversity, environment controllability, and the targeting of specific capability deficits. We introduce LiteCoder-Terminal-Gen, a zero-dependency synthesis pipeline that autonomously generates executable and verifiable terminal training environments directly from domain specifications. Using this framework, we construct two large-scale resources: LiteCoder-Terminal-SFT, comprising 11,255 expert trajectories across 10 domains, and LiteCoder-Terminal-RL, featuring 602 verifiable environments for trajectory-level preference optimization. Supervised fine-tuning of Qwen-family models on our SFT dataset yields agents that significantly outperform their base counterparts. Notably, our 32B variant achieves 29.06%, 18.54%, and 34.00% pass@1 on Terminal Bench 1.0, 2.0, and Pro, respectively. Furthermore, applying Direct Multi-turn Preference Optimization (DMPO) on our RL environments yields additional performance gains. These results systematically demonstrate that fully synthetic, executable environments offer a scalable and verifiable supervision signal for mastering complex, real-world command-line workflows.

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