Recognize Your Orchestrator: An Entropy Dynamics Perspective for LLM Multi-Agent Systems

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2606.01351v1
• Date: Sun, 31 May 2026 17:06:01 GMT
• Title: Recognize Your Orchestrator: An Entropy Dynamics Perspective for LLM Multi-Agent Systems
• Abstract summary: Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) promise enhanced problem-solving capabilities, yet the centralized orchestration topology remains a critical point of fragility.<n>We propose a Mean-Field Entropy Dynamics framework, modeling the orchestration process as a system governed by competing forces of task resolution and cumulative context loading.<n>We demonstrate that our entropy dynamics model fits empirical trajectories, providing physically interpretable parameters that quantify system stability and performance collapse.
• Score: 20.981858066136567
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: The transition from single-turn models to Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) promises enhanced problem-solving capabilities, yet the centralized orchestration topology remains a critical point of fragility. To analyze this, we propose a Mean-Field Entropy Dynamics framework, modeling the orchestration process as a system governed by the competing forces of task resolution and cumulative context loading. To facilitate validation, we introduce Inverse Workflow Generation (IWG), a multi-agent pipeline that synthesizes process-verifiable, high-complexity benchmarks with dense intermediate checkpoints. We demonstrate that our entropy dynamics model fits empirical trajectories, providing physically interpretable parameters that quantify system stability and performance collapse. Crucially, our analysis uncovers a ``Reasoning Trap": while reasoning-heavy models excel in isolated tasks, they frequently fail as orchestrators due to context squeezing. Elucidating the physical mechanisms underlying the Orchestrator and quantifying systemic uncertainty offers insights for the MASs' architectural design.

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