Floquet analysis of coherence in periodically driven diamond NV ensemble systems

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2606.10452v1
• Date: Tue, 09 Jun 2026 05:58:53 GMT
• Title: Floquet analysis of coherence in periodically driven diamond NV ensemble systems
• Abstract summary: We show that WAHUHA control increases the effective inhomogeneous dephasing time of a dense NV ensemble.<n>We show that the long-lived signal arises from phase wrapping and quasi-energy branch folding of the one-cycle unitary.
• Score: 0.8792811658011567
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: High-density nitrogen-vacancy (NV) ensembles are promising platforms for solid-state quantum sensing, but their performance is limited by dipolar interactions and inhomogeneous dephasing. Periodic decoupling sequences such as Waugh-Huber-Haeberlen (WAHUHA) can extend the observed stroboscopic decay time. However, it remains unclear that a longer effective dephasing time yield improved magnetic-field sensitivity. Here, we show that WAHUHA control increases the effective inhomogeneous dephasing time of a dense NV ensemble from $T_2^\ast$ of 0.9 $μ$s to $T_{2,eff}^\ast$ of 31 $μ$s, while producing little improvement in dc magnetic-field sensitivity. Using detuning-resolved stroboscopic spectroscopy and finite-pulse Floquet analysis, we show that the long-lived signal arises from phase wrapping and quasi-energy branch folding of the one-cycle unitary. These effects reshape the stroboscopic spectrum and suppress the detuning-to-phase transduction slope, $dΦ/dΔ$, which governs the dc magnetic-field response. Our results demonstrate that, under periodic driving, an extended effective dephasing time does not necessarily translate into enhanced dc sensitivity and establish finite-pulse Floquet analysis as a practical framework for evaluating coherence in spin ensembles.

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