IDEAL-Bench: Indoor Dataset and Evaluation suite for Analyzing 3D Layout reasoning

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2607.03614v1
• Date: Fri, 03 Jul 2026 22:04:42 GMT
• Title: IDEAL-Bench: Indoor Dataset and Evaluation suite for Analyzing 3D Layout reasoning
• Abstract summary: We introduce I-Bench, an evaluation suite that requires Vision-Language Models to predict structured 3D layouts on indoor scenes.<n>I-Bench moves beyond CLEVR-style simple geometric primitives so that any image-space discrepancy reflects spatial reasoning alone.
• Score: 30.654858163397662
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Spatial question answering is the dominant paradigm for evaluating spatial intelligence in Vision-Language Models (VLMs), but it leaves a complementary axis of spatial competence under-evaluated: holistic 3D layout inference, which predicts every visible object's pose and extent from a single image in a structured form. To this end, we introduce IDEAL-Bench, an evaluation suite that requires VLMs to predict structured 3D layouts on photorealistic indoor scenes across 10 room types, scored along five numerical dimensions and a perceptual render-and-compare protocol. By operating on semantically realistic scenes with full asset substitution under controlled lighting and viewpoint, IDEAL-Bench moves beyond CLEVR-style simple geometric primitives so that any image-space discrepancy reflects spatial reasoning alone. The benchmark is built on IDEAL-Scenes, a procedurally generated dataset of 1,000 re-renderable Blender environments with ground-truth layouts. Evaluating 15 prominent VLMs reveals three findings: the task remains substantially unsolved, with the strongest model reaching only 62.1/100 overall; all models exhibit a sharp asymmetry between object recognition and geometric regression, indicating that current VLMs are trained to describe scenes rather than to measure them; model rankings partially diverge from those on QA-based and primitive-reconstruction benchmarks: top-tier consensus holds, but mid-tier rankings shift substantially. Collectively, these findings establish IDEAL-Bench as a diagnostic suite, targeting the geometric and structural competencies that QA-based evaluation cannot surface, and paving the way towards more rigorous evaluation of spatial intelligence in next-generation VLMs. Together, these findings position IDEAL-Bench as a principled diagnostic for whether future VLMs achieve genuine spatial understanding rather than linguistic approximations of it.

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