FUSE: FK-Steered Multi-Modal Flow Matching for Efficient Simulation-Based Posterior Estimation

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2607.05252v1
• Date: Mon, 06 Jul 2026 15:59:18 GMT
• Title: FUSE: FK-Steered Multi-Modal Flow Matching for Efficient Simulation-Based Posterior Estimation
• Abstract summary: We introduce FUSE (Feynman-Kac steered mUlti-modal flow matching for efficient Simulation-based posterior Estimation)<n>Unlike prior work, FUSE employs a dual-track architecture that preserves the distinct features of multimodal inputs while facilitating dynamic interaction.<n>Our approach outperforms state-of-the-art baselines on standard SBI benchmarks, producing posteriors that closely match ground-truth MCMC.
• Score: 47.3675633392999
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Simulation-Based Inference (SBI) is critical for scientific discovery, with generative models offering a promising path toward efficient inference. However, existing methods struggle with effective multimodal modeling. They often rely on brute-force fusion strategies that ignore the structural disparities between parameters and observations, thus limiting estimation fidelity. In this work, we introduce FUSE (Feynman-Kac steered mUlti-modal flow matching for efficient Simulation-based posterior Estimation). Unlike prior work, FUSE employs a dual-track architecture that preserves the distinct features of multimodal inputs while facilitating dynamic interaction. Additionally, we propose an FK-steered sampling strategy that leverages intermediate observation likelihoods to guide the generative trajectories, effectively improving the sample quality during inference. Our approach outperforms state-of-the-art baselines on standard SBI benchmarks, producing posteriors that closely match ground-truth MCMC. Furthermore, in a real-world exoplanet orbital estimation task, FUSE successfully resolves complex parameter degeneracies that challenge existing methods, highlighting its potential to accelerate complex scientific discoveries in astrophysics and beyond.

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